@prefix : . @prefix owl: . @prefix rdf: . @prefix xml: . @prefix xsd: . @prefix rdfs: . @base . rdf:type owl:Ontology ; owl:versionIRI ; """ An observation is a set of data points. Each point is associated to an instance of some Class. Each instance is then associated to values through a given set of Properties. An Observation is thus specified by a Class (the set of instances) and a collection of Properties. The set of Classes supporting Observations is the Class Observable, a subclass of owl:Class. The set of Properties that are observed is the Class Dimension, a subclass of rdf:Property. """@en ; """ The Observable Ontology allows to describe Observations, specified by a contextual class (an Observable) and a set of observed properties (the Dimensions) ## Concepts Observable and Observation The following concepts are formalized: - **Observable**: a Class whose elements are observed - **Dimension**: an observed property - **Observation**: an Observable with some observed Dimensions ```mermaid classDiagram class Class:::owl { } class Property:::owl { } class Observable { } class Observation { } class Dimension { } Class <|-- Observable Property <|-- Dimension Observable <-- Observation : observationObservable Dimension <-- Observation : observedDimension Class <-- Property : range Class <-- Property : domain classDef default fill:#f96,color:black classDef owl fill:#e9edc9,color:black ``` ## Concepts Navigation Path and Element The following concepts are formalized: - **NavigationPath**: specifies a path of navigation. - **NavigationPathElement**: an element of a NavigationPath. - **NavigationPathElementDirect**: is a NavigationPathElement specifying a property to be navigated in the direct way. - **NavigationPathElementReverse**: is a NavigationPathElement specifying a property to be navigated in the reverse way. - **NavigationPathElementDowncast**: is a NavigationPathElement specifying a type to downcast to. - **NavigationPathElementCondition**: is a Navigation specifying a condition to be satisfied by the navigated instance ```mermaid classDiagram direction BT class Class:::owl class Property:::owl Class <-- Property : range Class <-- Property : domain class ObjectProperty:::owl ObjectProperty --|> Property class NavigationPath class NavigationPathElement {} NavigationPathElement <--o NavigationPath : elements NavigationPathElementDowncast --|> NavigationPathElement NavigationPathElementDowncast --> Class : downcastTo NavigationPathElementCondition --|> NavigationPathElement NavigationPathElementCondition --> Property: conditionProperty class NavigationPathElementCondition { value } NavigationPathElementProperty --|> NavigationPathElement class NavigationPathElementProperty{ direct: boolean } NavigationPathElementProperty --> ObjectProperty: navigatedProperty NavigationPathElementDirect --|> NavigationPathElementProperty class NavigationPathElementDirect{ direct: true } NavigationPathElementReverse --|> NavigationPathElementProperty class NavigationPathElementReverse{ direct: false } classDef default fill:#f96,color:black classDef owl fill:#e9edc9,color:black ``` ## Concepts ObservableContext and DimensionContext The following concepts are formalized: - **ObservableContextNavigationPath**: is an ObservableContext defined by a NavigationPath - **DimensionContext**: is an Dimension defined by an ObjectProperty and a DatatypeProperty ```mermaid classDiagram direction BT class Property:::owl class ObjectProperty:::owl ObjectProperty --|> Property class DatatypeProperty:::owl DatatypeProperty --|> Property ObservableContext --|> ObjectProperty ObservableContextNavigationPath --|> ObservableContext ObservableContextNavigationPath o--> NavigationPath : navigationPath Dimension --|> DatatypeProperty DimensionContext --|> Dimension Class DimensionContext DimensionContext --> ObjectProperty : context DimensionContext --> DatatypeProperty: property classDef default fill:#f96,color:black classDef owl fill:#e9edc9,color:black ``` """@en ; "The Observable ontology"@en ; "2025-01-01"^^xsd:date ; "2025-11-13"^^xsd:date ; "2025-11-13"^^xsd:date ; "obs" ; "https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#" ; rdfs:comment "An ontology of Observations, allowing to associate Properties to Classes" ; rdfs:label "The Observable ontology"@en ; owl:versionInfo "1.2.0" ; """ The Observable ontology allows to associate and/or define properties (Dimensions) to classes (Observable). The ontology was originally created to specify histograms and scattered (correlation) plots. Every plot specification is an Observation. The application [KGExplore](https://github.com/Flanders-Make-vzw/Ontology-based-KG-Viz2), allows to author Observations, and display them for some tripe store (form some RDF dataset, for some knowledge graph). The present ontology is an evolution of the original ontology, implemented in KGExplore version 2.5 onward. Following problems are resolved in this newer version: - *observable context* becomes first class citizen - reuse navigation paths over the dimensions - reuse the dimensions by other dimensions This ontology allows to describe and reason on mutually (possibly) dependent properties, so on dependencies. """@en . ################################################################# # Annotation properties ################################################################# ### http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/abstract rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://purl.org/dc/terms/created rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://purl.org/dc/terms/issued rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://purl.org/dc/terms/modified rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://purl.org/vocab/vann/example rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://purl.org/vocab/vann/preferredNamespacePrefix rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://purl.org/vocab/vann/preferredNamespaceUri rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://www.linkedmodel.org/schema/vaem#rationale rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#status rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#editorialNote rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#scopeNote rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#navigationPathElementConditionValue :navigationPathElementConditionValue rdfs:label "Condition value"@en ; rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:domain :NavigationPathElementCondition . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#navigationPathElementPropertyDirect :navigationPathElementPropertyDirect rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:domain :NavigationPathElementPropertyDirect . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#navigationPathElementPropertyReverse :navigationPathElementPropertyReverse rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:domain :NavigationPathElementPropertyReverse . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#observationDimensionProperty :observationDimensionProperty rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#observationInstanceProperty :observationInstanceProperty rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#restDimensions :restDimensions rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:rest . ### https://w3id.org/widoco/vocab#introduction rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ################################################################# # Datatypes ################################################################# ### http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date xsd:date rdf:type rdfs:Datatype . ################################################################# # Object Properties ################################################################# ### http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#first rdf:first rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty . ### http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#range rdfs:range rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#binaryObservationDimension1 :binaryObservationDimension1 rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf :observedDimension ; rdfs:domain :BinaryObservation ; rdfs:range :Dimension ; :observationDimensionProperty :binaryObservationDimension1Value . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#binaryObservationDimension2 :binaryObservationDimension2 rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf :observedDimension ; rdfs:domain :BinaryObservation ; rdfs:range :Dimension ; :observationDimensionProperty :binaryObservationDimension2Value . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#dimensionContext :dimensionContext rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :DimensionContext ; rdfs:range :ObservableContext . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#dimensionProperty :dimensionProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :DimensionContext ; rdfs:range rdf:Property . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#enumerationRank :enumerationRank rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :EnumerationValue . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#enumerationValue :enumerationValue rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :EnumerationValue . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#enumerationValues :enumerationValues rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :EnumerationDimension ; rdfs:range :EnumerationValues . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#firstDimension :firstDimension rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:first ; rdfs:domain :Dimensions ; rdfs:range :Dimension . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#navigationPathElementConditionProperty :navigationPathElementConditionProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :NavigationPathElementCondition ; rdfs:range rdf:Property ; rdfs:label "Condition property"@en . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#navigationPathElementDowncast :navigationPathElementDowncast rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :NavigationPathElementDowncast ; rdfs:range owl:Class . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#navigationPathElementProperty :navigationPathElementProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :NavigationPathElementProperty ; rdfs:range owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:comment "The navigated property of a property navigation element"@en ; rdfs:label "property"@en . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#navigationPathElementPropertyDirect :navigationPathElementPropertyDirect rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf :navigationPathElementProperty . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#navigationPathElementPropertyReverse :navigationPathElementPropertyReverse rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf :navigationPathElementProperty . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#navigationPathFirst :navigationPathFirst rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:first ; rdfs:domain :NavigationPath ; rdfs:range :NavigationPathElement ; owl:propertyChainAxiom ( :selfNavigationPath rdf:first ) . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#navigationPathRest :navigationPathRest rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:rest ; rdfs:domain :NavigationPath ; rdfs:range :NavigationPath ; owl:propertyChainAxiom ( :selfNavigationPath rdf:rest ) . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#observableContextNavigationPath :observableContextNavigationPath rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :ObservableContextNavigationPath ; rdfs:range :NavigationPath . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#observableObservation :observableObservation rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; owl:inverseOf :observationObservable ; rdfs:comment "The Observations associated to this Observable" . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#observationGroupingDimensions :observationGroupingDimensions rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf :observedDimension ; rdfs:domain :Observation ; rdfs:range :Dimension . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#observationObservable :observationObservable rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Observation ; rdfs:range :Observable ; rdfs:comment "The observation context, or Observable"@en . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#observedDimension :observedDimension rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Observation ; rdfs:range :Dimension . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#restDimensions :restDimensions rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:domain :Dimensions ; rdfs:range :Dimensions . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#selfNavigationPath :selfNavigationPath rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#unaryObservationDimension :unaryObservationDimension rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf :observedDimension ; rdfs:domain :UnaryObservation ; rdfs:range :Dimension . ################################################################# # Data properties ################################################################# ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#enumerationRank :enumerationRank rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:decimal . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#navigationPathElementDirect :navigationPathElementDirect rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :NavigationPathElementProperty ; rdfs:range xsd:boolean ; rdfs:comment "Indicate if the property is navigated in the direct or the reverse way"@en ; rdfs:label "direct"@en . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#observationArity :observationArity rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ; rdfs:domain :Observation ; rdfs:range xsd:integer . ################################################################# # Classes ################################################################# ### http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#List rdf:List rdf:type owl:Class . ### http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Property rdf:Property rdf:type owl:Class . ### http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class owl:Class rdf:type owl:Class . ### http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#DatatypeProperty owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:type owl:Class . ### http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty owl:ObjectProperty rdf:type owl:Class . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#BinaryObservation :BinaryObservation rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Observation ; rdfs:comment "An Observation with two observed dimensions"@en ; :observationInstanceProperty :binaryObservationInstance . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#BooleanDimension :BooleanDimension rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf owl:DatatypeProperty , :Dimension , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty rdfs:range ; owl:hasValue xsd:Boolean ] . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#Dimension :Dimension rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf rdf:Property , :DimensionOrNull ; rdfs:comment "A Dimension is just an rdf:Property, associating contextual class instances with its observable values"@en . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#DimensionContext :DimensionContext rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Dimension ; rdfs:comment "A DimensionContext associates a value to an Observable via an ObservableContext and a property"@en . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#DimensionOrNull :DimensionOrNull rdf:type owl:Class . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#Dimensions :Dimensions rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf rdf:List . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#EnumerationDimension :EnumerationDimension rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Dimension . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#EnumerationValue :EnumerationValue rdf:type owl:Class . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#EnumerationValues :EnumerationValues rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf rdf:List . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#ExogenousDimension :ExogenousDimension rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Dimension . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#NavigationPath :NavigationPath rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf rdf:List , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :selfNavigationPath ; owl:hasSelf "true"^^xsd:boolean ] ; rdfs:comment "An navigation path"@en ; rdfs:label "Path"@en . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#NavigationPathElement :NavigationPathElement rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:comment "A navigation element of a navigation path"@en ; rdfs:label "Element"@en . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#NavigationPathElementCondition :NavigationPathElementCondition rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :NavigationPathElement ; rdfs:comment "A navigation path element setting a necessary conditon on the navigated instance"@en ; rdfs:label "Condition"@en . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#NavigationPathElementDowncast :NavigationPathElementDowncast rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :NavigationPathElement ; rdfs:comment "A navigation path element allowing elements belonging to a given class"@en ; rdfs:label "Downcast"@en . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#NavigationPathElementProperty :NavigationPathElementProperty rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :NavigationPathElement ; rdfs:comment "A navigation element using 1 property for navigation"@en ; rdfs:label "Property"@en . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#NavigationPathElementPropertyDirect :NavigationPathElementPropertyDirect rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :NavigationPathElementProperty , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :navigationPathElementDirect ; owl:hasValue "true"^^xsd:boolean ] ; rdfs:comment "A property navigation element navigated in the direct way"@en ; rdfs:label "Direct property"@en . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#NavigationPathElementPropertyReverse :NavigationPathElementPropertyReverse rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :NavigationPathElementProperty , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :navigationPathElementDirect ; owl:hasValue "false"^^xsd:boolean ] ; rdfs:comment "A property navigation element navigated in the reverse way"@en ; rdfs:label "Reverse property"@en . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#NumericalDimension :NumericalDimension rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf owl:DatatypeProperty , :Dimension , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty rdfs:range ; owl:hasValue xsd:decimal ] . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#ObjectEnumerationDimension :ObjectEnumerationDimension rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf owl:ObjectProperty , :EnumerationDimension . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#Observable :Observable rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf owl:Class ; rdfs:comment "Observable is the set of owl:Class's supporting Observations, that is, providing Dimensions"@en ; rdfs:isDefinedBy . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#ObservableContext :ObservableContext rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:comment "An ObservableContext provides a context to be observed from a contextual class" . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#ObservableContextNavigationPath :ObservableContextNavigationPath rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ObservableContext ; rdfs:comment "An ObservableContextNavigationPath provides the observed context via a navigation path"@en . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#Observation :Observation rdf:type owl:Class ; "The breakstress related to the curing temperature of my sample."@en ; "This is a solution for associating properties (Dimensions) to a class (Observable) with some purpose (correlation, to be plotted, dependency, ...)."@en ; rdfs:comment "An Observation is a set of observed properties (Dimensions) in some observed context (Observable)" ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:label "Observation"@en ; "stable" ; """ Related mechanism are rdfs:domain/range, schema:domain/rangeIncludes, mm:ownedProperty. An Observation is broader, as it allows to associate several dimenstions to one class; furthermore, it allows to make different Observations for the same Class and the same Properties but with different purpose or meaning. """ ; "This concept is meant to be used at the upper level" . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#UnaryObservation :UnaryObservation rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Observation ; rdfs:comment "An Observation with one single observed dimension"@en . ################################################################# # Individuals ################################################################# ### http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#Boolean xsd:Boolean rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual . ### http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal xsd:decimal rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual . ### https://ontology.flandersmake.be/observable/ontology#null :null rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual , :DimensionOrNull . ### Generated by the OWL API (version 5.1.18) https://github.com/owlcs/owlapi/